Everipedia Logo
Everipedia is now IQ.wiki - Join the IQ Brainlist and our Discord for early access to editing on the new platform and to participate in the beta testing.
Infante Juan, Count of Barcelona

Infante Juan, Count of Barcelona

Infante Juan of Spain, Count of Barcelona (Juan Carlos Teresa Silverio Alfonso de Borbón y Battenberg; 20 June 1913 – 1 April 1993), also known as Don Juan, was the third son and designated heir of King Alfonso XIII of Spain and Victoria Eugenie of Battenberg. His father was replaced by the Second Spanish Republic, and under his son, Juan Carlos I, a constitutional monarchy was restored.

Infante Juan
Count of Barcelona
Head of the Royal House of Spain
Tenure15 January 1941 – 14 May 1977
PredecessorAlfonso XIII
SuccessorJuan Carlos I
Born(1913-06-20)20 June 1913
Royal Palace of La Granja de San Ildefonso, San Ildefonso, Kingdom of Spain
Died1 April 1993(1993-04-01)(aged 79)
Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Kingdom of Spain
Burial7 April 1993
El Escorial, Community of Madrid, Spain
SpousePrincess María de las Mercedes of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
Issue
  • Infanta Pilar, Duchess of Badajoz
  • Juan Carlos I of Spain
  • Infanta Margarita, Duchess of Soria
  • Infante Alfonso of Spain
Full name
Spanish: Juan Carlos Teresa Silverio Alfonso de Borbón y Battenberg[1]
HouseBourbon
FatherAlfonso XIII of Spain
MotherVictoria Eugenie of Battenberg
ReligionRoman Catholic
Full name
Spanish: Juan Carlos Teresa Silverio Alfonso de Borbón y Battenberg[1]
imgimgimgimg

Early life

Juan was born at the Palace of San Ildefonso. His father was forced into exile when the Second Spanish Republic was proclaimed on 14 April 1931. Owing to the renunciations of his brothers Alfonso of Spain, Prince of Asturias, and Infante Jaime, Duke of Segovia, Infante Juan was thus next in line to the defunct Spanish throne. He thus received the title Prince of Asturias when he was serving with the British Royal Navy in Bombay.

In March 1935, he passed his naval exams in gunnery and navigation, which would have entitled him to become a lieutenant in the Royal Navy if he gave up his Spanish nationality. This, however, he refused to do.

Marriage

He met his future wife at a party hosted by Victor Emmanuel III of Italy on the day before his sister (Infanta Beatriz) was to be married. He married Princess María de las Mercedes of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (1910–2000), known in Spain as Doña María de las Mercedes de Borbón Dos-Sicilias y Orleans, in Rome on 12 October 1935.

Just before the birth of the Infante Juan Carlos, the Count of Barcelona decided to go hunting, with the doctor telling him and his wife that the future king would not be born for weeks. When he was told of the birth, he drove to the hospital so quickly that he broke an axle spring.

Issue

They had four children:

  • Infanta Pilar, Duchess of Badajoz (born 30 July 1936) she married Luis Gomez-Acebo y de Estrada, Vizconde de la Torre on 6 May 1967. They have five children.

  • Juan Carlos I of Spain (born 5 January 1938) he married Princess Sophia of Greece and Denmark on 14 May 1962. They have three children.

  • Infanta Margarita, Duchess of Soria (born 6 March 1939) she married Don Carlos Zurita y Delgado on 12 October 1972. They have two children.

  • Infante Alfonso of Spain (3 October 1941 – 29 March 1956)

They lived in Cannes and Rome, and, with the outbreak of World War II, they moved to Lausanne to live with his mother, Queen Victoria Eugenie. Afterwards, they resided at Estoril, on the Portuguese Riviera.

Claim to the Spanish throne

Portrait by Philip de Laszlo, 1927

Portrait by Philip de Laszlo, 1927

Don Juan became heir-apparent to the defunct Spanish throne after the renunciations of his two older brothers, Alfonso and Jaime, both in 1933. To assert his claim to the throne, after his father's death he used the title of Count of Barcelona, a sovereign title associated with the Spanish crown.

In 1936, his father sent him to enter Spain and participate in the uprising but, near the French border, General Mola arrested him and sent him back.

When General Francisco Franco declared Spain a monarchy in 1947, he characterised it as a restoration. However, Franco was afraid that Don Juan would turn out to be too liberal and roll back the Spanish State. As a result, in 1969, Franco passed over Don Juan, who would have been king if the monarchy had continued uninterrupted, in favour of his son Juan Carlos, who Franco believed would be more likely to continue the Francoist State after his death. Don Juan Carlos later surprised many by his support of democratising Spain. Franco and Don Juan did not have a good relationship, with the Count constantly pressing Franco to restore the monarchy. Relations soured further when Juan called Franco an "illegitimate usurper", while Franco claimed he had a stronger claim to rule Spain than did Don Juan.

Don Juan formally renounced his rights to the Crown eight years after being displaced as recognised heir to the throne by Franco, and two years after his son Don Juan Carlos had become king. In return, his son officially granted him the title of Count of Barcelona, which he had claimed for so long.

He was buried with honours due a King, in the Royal Crypt of the monastery of San Lorenzo del Escorial, near Madrid. His wife survived him by seven years.

He was fond of the sea, and joined the Naval School at San Fernando, Cádiz, and had tattoos of a marine theme from his time in the British Royal Navy.

Arms

Ancestors

References

[1]
Citation Linkwww.boe.esBoletín Oficial del Estado
Sep 19, 2019, 11:39 PM
[2]
Citation Linkopenlibrary.orgGarcía-Mechano y Osset, Eduardo (2010). Introducción a la heráldica y manual de heráldica militar española. Madrid: Ministerio de Defensa. ISBN 978-84-9781-559-8. PP.105-107
Sep 19, 2019, 11:39 PM
[3]
Citation Linkwww.armada.mde.es"Coat of arms of Juan de Bourbon after his renounce at the emblem of the Frigate "Juan de Borbón"". Navy official coats of arms (in Spanish). Spanish Navy. Retrieved 18 March 2013.
Sep 19, 2019, 11:39 PM
[4]
Citation Linkwww.boe.esBoletín Oficial del Estado
Sep 19, 2019, 11:39 PM
[5]
Citation Linkwww.armada.mde.es"Coat of arms of Juan de Bourbon after his renounce at the emblem of the Frigate "Juan de Borbón""
Sep 19, 2019, 11:39 PM
[6]
Citation Linkupload.wikimedia.orgArms as Infante of Spain(1927–1931/1933)
Sep 19, 2019, 11:39 PM
[7]
Citation Linkupload.wikimedia.orgRoyal Coat of Arms of Spain****Version of 1931Used as Pretender and Head of the Royal House.(1941–1977)[2]
Sep 19, 2019, 11:39 PM
[8]
Citation Linkupload.wikimedia.orgLesser Royal Coat of Arms of SpainAlso used by Don Juan as Pretender.(1941–1977)[2]
Sep 19, 2019, 11:39 PM
[9]
Citation Linkupload.wikimedia.orgArms after the renunciation of the Throne(1977–1993)[3]
Sep 19, 2019, 11:39 PM
[10]
Citation Linken.wikipedia.orgThe original version of this page is from Wikipedia, you can edit the page right here on Everipedia.Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.Additional terms may apply.See everipedia.org/everipedia-termsfor further details.Images/media credited individually (click the icon for details).
Sep 19, 2019, 11:39 PM