Compiègne
Compiègne
Compiègne | |
|---|---|
Subprefecture and commune | |
.svg) Coat of arms | |
Location of Compiègne  | |
  Compiègne  Compiègne | |
| Coordinates:49°24′54″N 2°49′23″E [19] | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Hauts-de-France |
| Department | Oise |
| Arrondissement | Compiègne |
| Canton | Compiègne-1 and 2 |
| Intercommunality | Région de Compiègne |
| Area 1 | 53.1 km2(20.5 sq mi) |
| Population (2016-01-01)[1] | 41,660 |
| • Density | 780/km2(2,000/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 60159 [20] /60200 |
| Elevation | 31–134 m (102–440 ft) (avg. 41 m or 135 ft) |
| 1French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2(0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |
Compiègne (French pronunciation: [kɔ̃pjɛɲ]; Picard: Compiène) is a commune in the Oise department in northern France.[2] It is located on the Oise River.[2] Its inhabitants are called Compiégnois.
Compiègne | |
|---|---|
Subprefecture and commune | |
Coat of arms | |
Location of Compiègne | |
Compiègne Compiègne | |
| Coordinates:49°24′54″N 2°49′23″E [19] | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Hauts-de-France |
| Department | Oise |
| Arrondissement | Compiègne |
| Canton | Compiègne-1 and 2 |
| Intercommunality | Région de Compiègne |
| Area 1 | 53.1 km2(20.5 sq mi) |
| Population (2016-01-01)[1] | 41,660 |
| • Density | 780/km2(2,000/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 60159 [20] /60200 |
| Elevation | 31–134 m (102–440 ft) (avg. 41 m or 135 ft) |
| 1French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2(0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |
Administration
Compiègne is the seat of two cantons:
Compiègne-1 (with 19 communes and part of Compiègne)
Compiègne-2 (with 16 communes and part of Compiègne)
History
- 665 - SaintWilfridwas consecrated Bishop ofYork. Wilfrid refused to be consecrated inNorthumbriaat the hands ofAnglo-Saxonbishops.Deusdedit, Archbishop of Canterbury, had died, and as there were no other bishops in Britain whom Wilfrid considered to have been validly consecrated, he travelled to Compiègne, to be consecrated byAgilbert, the Bishop of Paris.
- 833 -Louis the Pious(also known as King Louis I, the Debonair) was deposed in Compiègne.[2]
- February 888 -Odo, Count of Parisand king of theFrankswas crowned in Compiègne.
- 23 May 1430 - During theHundred Years' War,Joan of Arcwas captured by theBurgundianswhile attempting tofree Compiègne. They then sold her to the English.
- 1624 - Compiègne gave its name to theTreaty of Compiègne, a treaty of alliance concluded byCardinal Richelieuwith the Dutch.[2]
- 1630 -Marie de' Medici's attempts to displaceRichelieuultimately led to her exile to Compiègne, from where she escaped toBrusselsin 1631.
- 17 July 1794 - TheMartyrs of Compiègneare executed inParisduring theReign of Terror.
- 1900 - Thegolfevents for the1900 Summer Olympicstook place.[3]
- 11 November 1918 - TheArmistice with Germany (Compiègne), agreed at Le Francport near Compiègne, ends fighting ofWorld War I
- 22 June 1940 - AnotherArmistice with France (Second Compiègne)was signed betweenNazi Germanyand the defeated France in Le Francport, near Compiègne, in the same place as in 1918, in the same railroad carriage, but with the seats swapped.
- 1941 - During the German occupation of France, theCompiègne internment campwas established in Compiègne. A memorial of the camp, and another along the railway tracks, commemorate the tragedy.
- 1968 - The starting location of theParis–Roubaixbicyclerace was changed fromParisto Compiègne.
- 1972 - Creation of theUniversity of Technology of Compiègne
Population
1882: 13,393
1990: 41,663 (municipal), 44,703 (total)
1999: 41,076 (municipal), 44,703 (total), 69,903 (agglomeration), urban (108,234)
Sights
Museums
Château de Compiègne - the castle itself, and museums of the Second French Empire and of motoring and tourism within its walls
Musée Antoine Vivenel
Museum of historic figurines
Memorial of internment and deportation
Compiègne Forest
The Glade of the Armistice in the Compiègne Forest was the site of the signing of two armistices; those of 11 November 1918 and 22 June 1940. Hitler specifically chose the location of the second, and had the original signing carriage moved from Paris to Compiègne, as an irony for the defeated French.
The site still houses several memorials to the 1918 armistice, including a copy of the original railway carriage. The original, Marshal Foch's Carriage was taken to Germany as a trophy of victory following the second armistice. Various rumors about what happened to this railway-carriage thereafter, have flourished ever since. Some believe it was destroyed by the SS in Thuringia in April 1945; others say this happened in Berlin, but most likely was it destroyed during an allied air-raid on Berlin. The latter version seems most plausible, since Ferdinand Foch's carriage actually was displayed at a Berlin museum.[4][5][6]
The University of Technology of Compiègne
Compiègne is home to the University of Technology of Compiègne (UTC), one of the top ranking engineering school in France, founded as a Technology University in 1972 to provide an alternative to the traditional "grandes écoles" for students interested in technologies and applied science.[7]
Transport
The Gare de Compiègne railway station offers connections with Paris, Amiens, Cambrai and several regional destinations. The nearest motorway is the A1 Paris-Lille.
Cycling
Since 1968 Compiègne is the traditional start city of the famous Paris–Roubaix bicycle race. It was also the finish city of 3rd stage in the 2007 Tour de France.
Personalities
Compiègne was the birthplace of:
Roscellinus (~1050 - ~1122), philosopher and theologian, often regarded as the founder of Nominalism
Pierre d'Ailly (1350–1420), theologian and cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church
Albert Robida (1848–1926), illustrator, etcher, lithographer, caricaturist, and novelist
Eugène Albertini (1880–1941), teacher in Latin literature, historian of ancient Rome, and epigrapher of Latin texts
Marcel Tabuteau (1887–1966), Oboist, regarded as the founder of American oboe playing.
Suzanne Lenglen (1899–1938), tennis player, international female sport star
Lucas Debargue (1990–), pianist and composer who worked in both the classical and jazz fields.
International relations
Twin towns – Sister cities
Compiègne is twinned with:
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Compiègne is also partnered with:
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See also
Communes of the Oise department
Dialogues of the Carmelites
Martyrs of Compiegne
Monument aux morts (Oise)
Siege of Compiègne
Timeline of deportations of French Jews to death camps