Chromosome 11 (human)
Chromosome 11 (human)
Chromosome 11 | |
---|---|
Chromosome 11 pair in human male karyogram. | |
Features | |
Length (bp) | 135,086,622 bp (GRCh38)[1] |
No. of genes | 1,224 (CCDS) |
Type | Autosome |
Centromere position | Submetacentric[2] (53.4 Mbp[3]) |
Complete gene lists | |
CCDS | Gene list [29] |
HGNC | Gene list [30] |
UniProt | Gene list [31] |
NCBI | Gene list [32] |
External map viewers | |
Ensembl | Chromosome 11 [33] |
Entrez | Chromosome 11 [34] |
NCBI | Chromosome 11 [35] |
UCSC | Chromosome 11 [36] |
Full DNA sequences | |
RefSeq | NC_000011 [37] (FASTA) |
GenBank | CM000673 [38] (FASTA) |
Chromosome 11 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. Humans normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 11 spans about 135 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) and represents between 4 and 4.5 percent of the total DNA in cells. The shorter arm (p arm) is termed 11p while the longer arm (q arm) is 11q. At about 21.5 genes per megabase, chromosome 11 is one of the most gene-rich, and disease-rich, chromosomes in the human genome.
More than 40% of the 856 olfactory receptor genes in the human genome are located in 28 single-gene and multi-gene clusters along the chromosome.
Chromosome 11 | |
---|---|
Chromosome 11 pair in human male karyogram. | |
Features | |
Length (bp) | 135,086,622 bp (GRCh38)[1] |
No. of genes | 1,224 (CCDS) |
Type | Autosome |
Centromere position | Submetacentric[2] (53.4 Mbp[3]) |
Complete gene lists | |
CCDS | Gene list [29] |
HGNC | Gene list [30] |
UniProt | Gene list [31] |
NCBI | Gene list [32] |
External map viewers | |
Ensembl | Chromosome 11 [33] |
Entrez | Chromosome 11 [34] |
NCBI | Chromosome 11 [35] |
UCSC | Chromosome 11 [36] |
Full DNA sequences | |
RefSeq | NC_000011 [37] (FASTA) |
GenBank | CM000673 [38] (FASTA) |
Gene
Number of genes
The following are some of the gene count estimates of human chromosome 11. Because researchers use different approaches to genome annotation their predictions of the number of genes on each chromosome varies (for technical details, see gene prediction). Among various projects, the collaborative consensus coding sequence project (CCDS) takes an extremely conservative strategy. So CCDS's gene number prediction represents a lower bound on the total number of human protein-coding genes.[4]
Gene list
The following is a partial list of genes on human chromosome 11. For complete list, see the link in the infobox on the right.
ACAT1: acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase 1 (acetoacetyl Coenzyme A thiolase)
ACRV1: encoding protein Acrosomal protein SP-10
AKIP1: A kinase interacting protein 1
ALKBH3 encoding protein AlkB homolog 3, alpha-ketoglutaratedependent dioxygenase
AMOTL1: angiomotin-like protein 1
AMPD3: encoding enzyme AMP deaminase 3
API5: encoding protein Apoptosis inhibitor 5
APLNR: Apelin receptor (APJ receptor)
APOA4: apolipoprotein A-IV
ARCN1 encoding protein Archain 1
ASRGL1: encoding enzyme L-asparaginase
ATM: ataxia telangiectasia mutated (includes complementation groups A, C and D)
B3GNT1: encoding enzyme N-acetyllactosaminide beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase
BDNF: secretes BDNF, a member of the Neurotrophin family of proteins
C11orf1: encoding protein
C11orf16: encoding protein Uncharacterized protein C11orf16
C11orf49: encoding protein UPF0705 protein C11orf49
C11orf52 encoding protein C11orf52
C11orf54: encoding protein Ester hydrolase C11orf54
C11orf58: small acidic protein
C11orf73: chromosome 11, open reading frame 73
C11orf86: encoding protein Uncharacterized protein C11orf86
C1QTNF4 encoding protein C1q and tumor necrosis factor related protein 4
C1QTNF5: encoding protein C1q and tumor necrosis factor related protein 5
CAPRIN1: encoding protein, cell cycle associated protein 1
CCDC90B: coiled coil domain containing 90B
CCL9: Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 9
CD81: cluster of differentiation 81
CDHR5: cadherin related family member 5
COMMD9: COMM domain-containing protein 9
CPSF7: Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 7
CPT1A: carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (liver)
CREBZF encoding protein CREB/ATF bZIP transcription factor
DAK: Triokinase/FMN cyclase
DDI1: encoding protein DNA-damage inducible 1 homolog 1 (S. cerevisiae)
DGAT2 encoding protein Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2
DHCR7: 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase
DKK3: Dickkopf-related protein 3
DPF2: Double PHD fingers 2
DRD4: Dopamine receptor D4 at 11p15.5
DSCAML1: encoding protein Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule like 1
EI24: Etoposide-induced protein 2.4 homolog
FAM118B: encoding protein Family with sequence similarity 118, member B
FAM76B: Family with sequence similarity 76 member B
FAR1: fatty acyl-coA reductase 1
FAT3: fat atypical cadherin 3
FHIP: FTS and Hook-interacting protein
FNBP4: Formin-binding protein 4
GLB1L3: galactosidase, beta 1-like 3
GLYAT: Glycine-N-acyltransferase
GLYATL2 encoding protein Glycine-N-acyltransferase like 2
GPHA2: Glycoprotein hormone alpha-2
GYLTL1B: Glycosyltransferase-like protein LARGE2
HBB: hemoglobin, beta
HBBP1: encoding protein Hemoglobin, beta pseudogene 1
HMBS: hydroxymethylbilane VIIA
HRASLS3: adipose phospholipase A2
HTATIP2: HIV-1 Tat interactive protein 2
HYOU1: hypoxia upregulated protein 1
IFITM2 encoding protein Interferon induced transmembrane protein 2
IFT46: intraflagellar transport protein 46 homolog
INS: insulin gene [12]
KDM2A: lysine demethylase 2A
KIAA1549L encoding protein KIAA1549-like
LPXN: leupaxin
LRFN4 encoding protein Leucine rich repeat and fibronectin type III domain containing 4
MADD: MAP kinase-activating death domain protein
MEN1: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1
MIRLET7A2: microRNA let-7a-2
MMP7: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP family)
MOGAT2: monoacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2
MTRNR2L8: encoding protein MT-RNR2-like 8
NADSYN1: NAD synthetase 1
NAP1L4: nucleosome assembly protein 1-like 4
NFRKB: nuclear factor related to kappa-B binding protein
NNMT: nicotinamide N-methyltransferase
NRGN: neurogranin
P53AIP1: p53-regulated apoptosis-inducing protein 1
PAX6: paired box 6
PCNX3 encoding protein Pecanex homolog 3
PGA3 encoding protein Pepsinogen 3, group I (pepsinogen A)
PIWIL4 encoding protein Piwi like RNA-mediated gene silencing 4
PRR5L: proline rich 5 like
PTPRCAP: protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C associated protein
PTS: 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase
QSER1: glutamine serine rich protein 1
RAG1/RAG2: recombination activating genes
RELT: tumor necrosis factor recepteor
REXO2: RNA exonuclease 2
RNH1: ribonuclease inhibitor 1
RNU2-2: encoding protein RNA, U2 small nuclear 2
ROM1: retinal outer segment membrane protein 1
RPL27A: encoding protein 60S ribosomal protein L27a
RPL36A: encoding protein 60S ribosomal protein L36a
RSF1: remodeling and spacing factor 1
SAA1: serum amyloid A1
SAA2: serum amyloid A2
SAC3D1: SAC3 domain-containing protein 1
SART1: squamous cell carcinoma antigen recognized by T-cells 1
SBF2: SET binding factor 2
SCGB1D2: secretoglobin family 1D member 2
SESN3 encoding protein Sestrin 3
SIDT2 encoding protein SID1 transmembrane family member 2
SLC17A6: encoding protein Solute carrier family 17 (vesicular glutamate transporter), member 6
SMPD1: sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1, acid lysosomal (acid sphingomyelinase)
SPA17: sperm autoantigenic protein 17
SRPRA: Srp receptor alpha subunit
TAF1D: TATA box binding protein associated factor RNA polymerase 1 subunit D
TALDO1 encoding protein Transaldolase 1
TBRG1: transforming growth factor beta regulator 1
TECTA: tectorin alpha (nonsyndromic deafness)
TH: tyrosine hydroxylase
THRSP: thyroid hormone inducible hepatic protein
THYN1: thymocyte nuclear protein 1
TIMM10: translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 10
TIMM10B: Mitochondrial import inner membrane translocase subunit Tim9 B
TM7SF2: transmembrane 7 superfamily member 2
TMEM109: encoding protein Transmembrane protein 109
TMEM123: transmembrane protein 123
TMEM126B: transmembrane protein 126B
TMEM134: transmembrane protein 134
TMEM25: transmembrane protein 25
TP53I11: tumor protein 53 inducible protein 11
TRAPPC4: trafficking protein particle complex subunit 4
TRPT1: tRNA 2'-phosphotransferase 1
UNC93B1: Unc-93 homolog B1
UPK2: uroplakin-2
USH1C: Usher syndrome 1C (autosomal recessive, severe)
USP47: ubiquitin specific peptidase 47
UVRAG: UV radiation resistance associated
VPS26B: vacuolar protein sorting 26 homolog B
VSIG2: V-set and immunoglobulin domain containing 2
WT1: Wilms tumor protein
YIF1A: Yip1 interacting factor homolog A
ZFP91-CNTF
ZNF408: zinc finger protein 408
Diseases and disorders
The following diseases and disorders are some of those related to genes on chromosome 11:
autism (neurexin 1) [13]
acute intermittent porphyria
albinism
ataxia–telangiectasia
Best's disease
beta-ketothiolase deficiency
bladder cancer
carnitine palmitoyltransferase I deficiency
Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease
Cystic fibrosis
Depression
Denys–Drash syndrome
familial Mediterranean fever
Hereditary angioedema OMIM: 106100 [39]
Jacobsen syndrome
Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome
Mantle cell lymphoma (t11;14)
Meckel syndrome
methemoglobinemia, beta-globin type
Mixed lineage leukemia
multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1
Hereditary multiple exostoses
Niemann–Pick disease
nonsyndromic deafness
porphyria
Potocki–Shaffer syndrome
Romano–Ward syndrome
Sickle cell anemia[14]
Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome
tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency
Usher syndrome
WAGR syndrome
Wiedemann–Steiner syndrome
Wilms' tumor
Cytogenetic band
G-banding patterns of human chromosome 11 in three different resolutions (400,[15] 550[16] and 850[3]). Band length in this diagram is based on the ideograms from ISCN (2013).[17] This type of ideogram represents actual relative band length observed under a microscope at the different moments during the mitotic process.[18]
G-banding ideogram of human chromosome 11 in resolution 850 bphs. Band length in this diagram is proportional to base-pair length. This type of ideogram is generally used in genome browsers (e.g. Ensembl, UCSC Genome Browser).
Chr. | Arm[20] | Band[21] | ISCN start[22] | ISCN stop[22] | Basepair start | Basepair stop | Stain[23] | Density |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
11 | p | 15.5 | 0 | 230 | 1 | 2,800,000 | gneg | |
11 | p | 15.4 | 230 | 461 | 2,800,001 | 11,700,000 | gpos | 50 |
11 | p | 15.3 | 461 | 745 | 11,700,001 | 13,800,000 | gneg | |
11 | p | 15.2 | 745 | 935 | 13,800,001 | 16,900,000 | gpos | 50 |
11 | p | 15.1 | 935 | 1246 | 16,900,001 | 22,000,000 | gneg | |
11 | p | 14.3 | 1246 | 1490 | 22,000,001 | 26,200,000 | gpos | 100 |
11 | p | 14.2 | 1490 | 1545 | 26,200,001 | 27,200,000 | gneg | |
11 | p | 14.1 | 1545 | 1775 | 27,200,001 | 31,000,000 | gpos | 75 |
11 | p | 13 | 1775 | 2114 | 31,000,001 | 36,400,000 | gneg | |
11 | p | 12 | 2114 | 2357 | 36,400,001 | 43,400,000 | gpos | 100 |
11 | p | 11.2 | 2357 | 2655 | 43,400,001 | 48,800,000 | gneg | |
11 | p | 11.12 | 2655 | 2872 | 48,800,001 | 51,000,000 | gpos | 75 |
11 | p | 11.11 | 2872 | 3035 | 51,000,001 | 53,400,000 | acen | |
11 | q | 11 | 3035 | 3197 | 53,400,001 | 55,800,000 | acen | |
11 | q | 12.1 | 3197 | 3414 | 55,800,001 | 60,100,000 | gpos | 75 |
11 | q | 12.2 | 3414 | 3550 | 60,100,001 | 61,900,000 | gneg | |
11 | q | 12.3 | 3550 | 3685 | 61,900,001 | 63,600,000 | gpos | 25 |
11 | q | 13.1 | 3685 | 4037 | 63,600,001 | 66,100,000 | gneg | |
11 | q | 13.2 | 4037 | 4186 | 66,100,001 | 68,700,000 | gpos | 25 |
11 | q | 13.3 | 4186 | 4512 | 68,700,001 | 70,500,000 | gneg | |
11 | q | 13.4 | 4512 | 4688 | 70,500,001 | 75,500,000 | gpos | 50 |
11 | q | 13.5 | 4688 | 4877 | 75,500,001 | 77,400,000 | gneg | |
11 | q | 14.1 | 4877 | 5148 | 77,400,001 | 85,900,000 | gpos | 100 |
11 | q | 14.2 | 5148 | 5257 | 85,900,001 | 88,600,000 | gneg | |
11 | q | 14.3 | 5257 | 5474 | 88,600,001 | 93,000,000 | gpos | 100 |
11 | q | 21 | 5474 | 5690 | 93,000,001 | 97,400,000 | gneg | |
11 | q | 22.1 | 5690 | 5934 | 97,400,001 | 102,300,000 | gpos | 100 |
11 | q | 22.2 | 5934 | 6070 | 102,300,001 | 103,000,000 | gneg | |
11 | q | 22.3 | 6070 | 6300 | 103,000,001 | 110,600,000 | gpos | 100 |
11 | q | 23.1 | 6300 | 6503 | 110,600,001 | 112,700,000 | gneg | |
11 | q | 23.2 | 6503 | 6693 | 112,700,001 | 114,600,000 | gpos | 50 |
11 | q | 23.3 | 6693 | 7167 | 114,600,001 | 121,300,000 | gneg | |
11 | q | 24.1 | 7167 | 7316 | 121,300,001 | 124,000,000 | gpos | 50 |
11 | q | 24.2 | 7316 | 7533 | 124,000,001 | 127,900,000 | gneg | |
11 | q | 24.3 | 7533 | 7695 | 127,900,001 | 130,900,000 | gpos | 50 |
11 | q | 25 | 7695 | 7980 | 130,900,001 | 135,086,622 | gneg |