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Merced County, California

Merced County, California

Merced County (/mərˈsɛd/ mər-SED), is a county located in the northern San Joaquin Valley section of the Central Valley, in the U.S. state of California.

As of the 2010 census, the population was 255,793.[7] The county seat is Merced.[10] The county is named after the Merced River.

Merced County comprises the Merced, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Modesto-Merced, CA Combined Statistical Area. It is located north of Fresno County and Fresno, and southeast of Santa Clara County and San Jose.

Merced County, California
County
County of Merced
Merced Theatre.JPG
San Luis Reservoir 1.jpg
UC Merced at night.jpg
Boeing B-29 SuperfortressCAM.jpg
Images, from top down, left to right: The historic Merced Theatre, San Luis Reservoir, UC Merced, The B-29A Super Fortress exhibit at the Castle Air Museum in Atwater
Official seal of Merced County, California
Seal
Location in the state of California
Location in the state of California
California's location in the United States
California's location in the United States
Coordinates:37°11′N 120°43′W [38]
CountryUnited States
StateCalifornia
RegionSan Joaquin Valley
IncorporatedApril 19, 1855[4]
Named forMerced River, originally El Río de Nuestra Señora de la Merced ("River of Our Lady of Mercy" in Spanish).
County seatMerced
Largest cityMerced
Government
 • County Executive OfficerJames L. Brown [5]
Area
 • Total1,979 sq mi (5,130 km2)
 • Land1,935 sq mi (5,010 km2)
 • Water44 sq mi (110 km2)
Highest elevation3,801 ft (1,159 m)
Population
 • Total255,793
 • Estimate 
(2018)[8]
274,765
 • Density130/sq mi (50/km2)
Time zoneUTC−8 (Pacific Time Zone)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−7 (Pacific Daylight Time)
ZIP code
93620, 93635, 93661, 93665, 95301, 95303, 95312, 95315, 95317, 95322, 95324, 95333, 95334, 95388, 95340, 95341, 95343, 95344, 95348, 95365, 95369, 95374[9]
Area code209
FIPS code06-047
GNIS feature ID277288 [39]
Websitewww.co.merced.ca.us [40]

History

The county derives its name from the Merced River, or El Río de Nuestra Señora de la Merced (River of Our Lady of Mercy), named in 1806 by an expedition headed by Gabriel Moraga, which came upon it at the end of a hot dusty ride on the El Camino Viejo across the San Joaquin Valley in Spanish colonial Las Californias Province.

Between 1841 and 1844, during the period when Alta California was a territory of independent Mexico, four Mexican land grants were made in what became Merced County: Rancho Orestimba y Las Garzas, Rancho Panoche de San Juan y Los Carrisolitos, Rancho San Luis Gonzaga, and Rancho Sanjon de Santa Rita

Merced County was formed in 1855 from parts of Mariposa County. Parts of its territory were given to Fresno County in 1856.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,979 square miles (5,130 km2), of which 1,935 square miles (5,010 km2) is land and 44 square miles (110 km2) (2.2%) is water.[11]

National protected areas

  • Merced National Wildlife Refuge

  • San Luis National Wildlife Refuge

Demographics

2011

Population, race, and income
Total population[12]253,606
  White[12]170,22967.1%
  Black or African American[12]9,8373.9%
  American Indian or Alaska Native[12]2,6171.0%
  Asian[12]18,9047.5%
  Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander[12]5170.2%
  Some other race[12]43,89317.3%
  Two or more races[12]7,6093.0%
 Hispanic or Latino (of any race)[13]137,97454.4%
Per capita income[14]$18,304
Median household income[15]$43,945
Median family income[16]$48,429

Places by population, race, and income

Places by population and race
PlaceType[17]Population[12]White[12]Other[12]
[1]		Asian[12]Black or African
American[12]		Native American[12]
[2]		Hispanic or Latino
(of any race)[13]
AtwaterCity27,92266.0%21.6%7.0%4.3%1.1%49.2%
BallicoCDP38472.1%24.7%1.6%0.0%1.6%49.2%
Bear CreekCDP18844.7%55.3%0.0%0.0%0.0%89.4%
CresseyCDP61457.0%42.3%0.7%0.0%0.0%63.7%
DelhiCDP9,89259.0%28.9%7.1%2.2%2.8%67.8%
Dos PalosCity4,94079.6%18.1%0.0%2.0%0.3%66.5%
Dos Palos YCDP20777.3%22.7%0.0%0.0%0.0%65.2%
El NidoCDP29744.1%55.9%0.0%0.0%0.0%72.4%
FranklinCDP5,76671.4%14.8%6.6%2.5%4.7%56.4%
GustineCity5,48485.8%13.2%0.3%0.0%0.6%56.1%
Hilmar-IrwinCDP5,22495.1%3.6%1.0%0.2%0.0%9.2%
Le GrandCDP1,89351.8%47.4%0.0%0.0%0.8%88.4%
LivingstonCity12,89948.0%32.8%17.5%0.9%0.9%71.5%
Los BanosCity35,25281.0%11.3%3.3%3.9%0.5%67.4%
McSwainCDP4,04182.8%8.8%6.7%0.3%1.4%20.6%
MercedCity78,11156.1%24.1%11.4%6.8%1.7%49.6%
PlanadaCDP4,36652.3%44.2%1.2%1.6%0.8%96.2%
Santa NellaCDP1,29284.1%12.0%0.0%3.9%0.0%70.4%
SnellingCDP97100.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%3.1%
South Dos PalosCDP2,14488.9%10.0%0.0%1.1%0.0%94.1%
StevinsonCDP13253.8%46.2%0.0%0.0%0.0%46.2%
TuttleCDP21100.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
University of California, MercedCDP00.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%
VoltaCDP126100.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%0.0%55.6%
WintonCDP11,74261.2%28.4%8.2%1.6%0.7%74.5%

2010

Historical population
CensusPop.%±
18601,141—
18702,807146.0%
18805,656101.5%
18908,08542.9%
19009,21514.0%
191015,14864.4%
192024,57962.3%
193036,74849.5%
194046,98827.9%
195069,78048.5%
196090,44629.6%
1970104,62915.7%
1980134,56028.6%
1990178,40332.6%
2000210,55418.0%
2010255,79321.5%
Est. 2018274,765[8]7.4%
U.S. Decennial Census[18]
1790–1960[19] 1900–1990[20]
1990–2000[21] 2010–2015[7]

The 2010 United States Census reported that Merced County had a population of 255,793. The racial makeup of Merced County was 148,381 (58.0%) White, 9,926 (3.9%) African American, 3,473 (1.4%) Native American, 18,836 (7.4%) Asian, 583 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 62,665 (24.5%) from other races, and 11,929 (4.7%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 140,485 persons (54.9%).[22]

Population reported at 2010 United States Census
The County
**Total
Population**
White
African American
Native American
Asian
Pacific Islander
other races
**two or
more races**
**Hispanic
or Latino
(of any race)**
Merced County255,793148,3819,9263,47318,83658362,66511,929140,485
Incorporated city
**Total
Population**
White
African American
Native American
Asian
Pacific Islander
other races
**two or
more races**
**Hispanic
or Latino
(of any race)**
Atwater28,16818,4101,2253641,416765,3001,37714,808
Dos Palos4,9503,377167623741,0752283,075
Gustine5,5203,87573549581,1912242,769
Livingston13,0585,2631063482,223184,5475539,547
Los Banos35,97220,8461,3545121,16213410,1231,84123,346
Merced78,95841,1774,9581,1539,34217417,8044,35039,140
[[LINK|lang_en|Census-designated_place|Census-designated place]]
**Total
Population**
White
African American
Native American
Asian
Pacific Islander
other races
**two or
more races**
**Hispanic
or Latino
(of any race)**
Ballico4062372311212823210
Bear Creek290156421409321170
Cressey394253131519526195
Delhi10,7555,655118157405303,9304607,706
Dos Palos Y3232251810826197
El Nido33016207901475245
Franklin6,1493,45527377931121,0723293,250
Hilmar-Irwin5,1974,4751523871439157916
Le Grand1,6598691935171659591,357
McSwain4,1713,196563428294221721,081
Planada4,5841,68122234612,725864,347
Santa Nella1,380832222531043337968
Snelling231206036013333
South Dos Palos1,620809135213610552571,262
Stevinson3132284000738133
Tuttle1037760609531
University of California, Merced000000000
Volta2462017014294132
Winton10,6135,69617514070183,4554387,566
[[LINK|lang_en|Unincorporated_area|Unincorporated communities]]
**Total
Population**
White
African American
Native American
Asian
Pacific Islander
other races
**two or
more races**
**Hispanic
or Latino
(of any race)**
All others not CDPs (combined)40,40327,0201,1834191,962908,2691,46018,001

2000

As of the census[23] of 2000, there were 210,554 people, 63,815 households, and 49,775 families residing in the county. The population density was 109 people per square mile (42/km²). There were 68,373 housing units at an average density of 36 per square mile (14/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 56.2% White, 3.8% Black or African American, 1.2% Native American, 6.8% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 26.1% from other races, and 5.7% from two or more races. 45.3% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 6.6% were of Portuguese and 6.0% German ancestry according to Census 2000. 55.1% spoke English, 35.3% Spanish, 3.2% Hmong, 2.9% Portuguese and 1.0% Punjabi as their first language.

There were 63,815 households out of which 45.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.8% were married couples living together, 14.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.0% were non-families. 17.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.25 and the average family size was 3.69.

In the county, the population was spread out with 34.5% under the age of 18, 10.3% from 18 to 24, 27.9% from 25 to 44, 17.8% from 45 to 64, and 9.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females there were 99.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.6 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $35,532, and the median income for a family was $38,009. Males had a median income of $31,721 versus $23,911 for females. The per capita income for the county was $14,257. About 16.9% of families and 21.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 28.4% of those under age 18 and 10.7% of those age 65 or over.

As of 2008, according to the Lao Family Community, a nonprofit organization, about 8,000 Hmong lived in Merced County.[24]

Government and policing

County Government

Merced County is a California Constitution defined general law county and is governed by an elected Board of Supervisors. The Board consists of five members, elected by districts, who serve four-year staggered terms.[25]

Merced County Sheriff

The Merced County Sheriff provides court protection, jail administration, and coroner service for the entire county. It provides patrol, detective, and other police services for the unincorporated parts of the county. The main sheriff station and offices are at Merced. There are two sheriff's substations. A Grand Jury report in 2010 stated that the Sheriff processed 12,746 average jail bookings per year with an average daily jail population of 1,123.[26]

Municipal police departments

Municipal police departments in the county are: Merced, population 83,000; Los Banos, population 38,000; Atwater, population 30,000; Livingston, population 13,000; Gustine, population 6,000; Dos Palos, population 5,500.

State and federal representation

In the United States House of Representatives, Merced County is in California's 16th congressional district, represented by Democrat Jim Costa.[27]

In the California State Legislature, Merced County is in the 21st Assembly District, represented by Democrat Adam Gray, and the 12th Senate District, represented by Democrat Anna Caballero.[28]

Politics

Voter registration statistics

Population and registered voters
Total population[12]253,606
  Registered voters[29][3]98,87439.0%
    Democratic[29]43,98144.5%
    Republican[29]32,76733.1%
    Democratic–Republican spread[29]+11,214+11.4%
    Independent[29]3,0163.1%
    Green[29]5680.6%
    Libertarian[29]4830.5%
    Peace and Freedom[29]3180.3%
    Americans Elect[29]20.0%
    Other[29]1800.2%
    No party preference[29]17,55917.8%

Cities by population and voter registration

Cities by population and voter registration
CityPopulation[12]Registered voters[29]
[3]		Democratic[29]Republican[29]D–R spread[29]Other[29]No party preference[29]
Atwater27,92241.0%39.4%37.4%+2.0%8.2%18.3%
Dos Palos4,94038.0%44.4%35.0%+9.4%9.9%14.9%
Gustine5,48438.3%48.2%30.3%+17.9%7.7%17.0%
Livingston12,89934.6%62.2%15.9%+46.3%4.9%18.9%
Los Banos35,25237.6%50.1%27.6%+22.5%7.8%17.7%
Merced78,11141.0%46.4%30.2%+16.2%8.2%18.3%

Overview

Merced County voted for the winning candidate for president in every election from 1972-2012, before voting for Hillary Clinton in 2016. Democrat Barack Obama won a majority in the county in both 2008 and 2012. Republican George W. Bush won a majority in the county in both 2000 and 2004.

**Merced County vote by party in presidential elections**[[CITE|30|http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/]]
YearGOPDEMOthers
201640.58% 28,72552.72% 37,3176.71% 4,747
201244.33% 27,58153.04% 33,0052.63% 1,636
200844.81% 28,70453.13% 34,0312.05% 1,316
200456.54% 32,77342.26% 24,4911.20% 696
200051.77% 26,10245.08% 22,7263.15% 1,590
199644.41% 20,84746.41% 21,7869.17% 4,305
199236.48% 17,98140.85% 20,13322.67% 11,170
198851.20% 21,71747.40% 20,1051.40% 592
198458.85% 24,99740.05% 17,0121.10% 468
198048.77% 18,04342.94% 15,8868.29% 3,067
197646.08% 14,84251.65% 16,6372.26% 729
197254.33% 17,73742.62% 13,9143.05% 997
196840.90% 11,59550.98% 14,4538.12% 2,301
196431.18% 8,81468.74% 19,4310.08% 24
196043.37% 11,99056.23% 15,5450.40% 111
195645.99% 11,43053.78% 13,3660.23% 56
195253.26% 13,51245.88% 11,6390.86% 219
194842.60% 7,72154.95% 9,9592.45% 444
194441.31% 6,51858.25% 9,1920.44% 69
194036.35% 6,10162.57% 10,5011.08% 182
193625.50% 3,23072.69% 9,2081.82% 230
193227.20% 2,92067.10% 7,2025.70% 612
192860.17% 4,64438.48% 2,9701.35% 104
192452.94% 3,57310.52% 71036.53% 2,466
192062.99% 3,45728.01% 1,5379.00% 494
191640.72% 2,13250.36% 2,6378.92% 467
19120.24% 1046.78% 1,97852.98% 2,240
190844.58% 1,10744.30% 1,10011.12% 276
190449.07% 97243.56% 8637.37% 146
190041.59% 81155.44% 1,0812.97% 58
189636.24% 65361.99% 1,1171.78% 32
189239.66% 78250.46% 9959.89% 195

According to the California Secretary of State, as of October 20, 2008, there were 97,179 registered voters in Merced County. Of those, 44,704 (46.0%) are registered Democratic, 35,955 (37.0%) are registered Republican, 3,090 (3.2%) are registered with other political parties, and 13,430 (13.8%) declined to state a political party. Atwater and the unincorporated areas of Merced County have Republican plurality registration advantages. All of the other cities and towns in the county have Democratic pluralities or majorities in voter registration.

Merced County has been somewhat of a bellweather county for presidential elections. Since 1916, it has voted for the winner in each election except in 1956, 1968, and 2016.

Crime

The following table includes the number of incidents reported and the rate per 1,000 persons for each type of offense.

Population and crime rates
Population[12]253,606
Violent crime[31]1,6586.54
  Homicide[31]260.10
  Forcible rape[31]780.31
  Robbery[31]2761.09
  Aggravated assault[31]1,2785.04
Property crime[31]4,39017.31
  Burglary[31]2,3189.14
  Larceny-theft[31][32]5,08920.07
  Motor vehicle theft[31]9033.56
Arson[31]900.35

Cities by population and crime rates

Cities by population and crime rates
CityPopulation[33]Violent crimes[33]Violent crime rate
per 1,000 persons		Property crimes[33]Property crime rate
per 1,000 persons
Atwater28,8911806.231,40048.46
Dos Palos5,0795911.6216231.90
Gustine5,663244.2412021.19
Livingston13,394745.5230622.85
Los Banos36,8971423.851,21032.79
Merced80,97681010.004,11150.77

Economy

According to America's Labor Market Information System 2014 report,[34] the companies with the largest employment in Merced are, in alphabetical order:

  • Anberry Rehabilitation Hospital

  • Atwater Elementary Teachers

  • Bianchi & Sons Packing Co (produce)

  • E & J Gallo Winery

  • Foster Farms

  • Golden Valley Health Center

  • Hilmar Cheese Company

  • J. Marchini & Son (farming)

  • Liberty Packing Co

  • Live Oak Farms (produce)

  • Livingston District Office (education)

  • Malibu Boats West Inc

  • McLane Pacific (wholesale food services)

  • Merced County Human Services

  • Mercy Medical Center Merced

  • Pacific Gas and Electric Company

  • Quad/Graphics (printing)

  • Sensient Dehydrated Flavors

  • University of California, Merced

  • Walmart

  • Werner Co (ladders)

  • Western Marketing & Sales (farming)

  • Yosemite Wholesale Warehouse

Merced County grows 90% of California's sweet potato crop,[35] due in part to the efforts of John Buttencourt Avila, called "the father of the sweet potato industry".

Transportation

Major highways

  • [[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/I-5_%28CA%29.svg/20px-I-5_%28CA%29.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/I-5_%28CA%29.svg/30px-I-5_%28CA%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/I-5_%28CA%29.svg/40px-I-5_%28CA%29.svg.png 2x|I-5 (CA).svg|h20|w20]] Interstate 5

  • [[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/California_33.svg/20px-California_33.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/California_33.svg/30px-California_33.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/California_33.svg/40px-California_33.svg.png 2x|California 33.svg|h21|w20]] State Route 33

  • [[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/California_59.svg/20px-California_59.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/California_59.svg/30px-California_59.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/California_59.svg/40px-California_59.svg.png 2x|California 59.svg|h21|w20]] State Route 59

  • [[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/California_99.svg/20px-California_99.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/California_99.svg/30px-California_99.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/California_99.svg/40px-California_99.svg.png 2x|California 99.svg|h21|w20]] State Route 99

  • [[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/California_140.svg/25px-California_140.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/California_140.svg/38px-California_140.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/California_140.svg/50px-California_140.svg.png 2x|California 140.svg|h22|w25]] State Route 140

  • [[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/California_152.svg/25px-California_152.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/California_152.svg/38px-California_152.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/California_152.svg/50px-California_152.svg.png 2x|California 152.svg|h22|w25]] State Route 152

  • [[INLINE_IMAGE|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/California_165.svg/25px-California_165.svg.png|//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/California_165.svg/38px-California_165.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/California_165.svg/50px-California_165.svg.png 2x|California 165.svg|h22|w25]] State Route 165

Public transportation

  • Merced County Transit, or "The Bus," provides local service in Merced as well as connecting service between most cities in Merced County.

  • The University of California, Merced, operates its own transit system, Cat Tracks. This system connects with Merced County Transit.

  • Yosemite Area Regional Transportation System, or YARTS, connects Merced with Yosemite National Park.

  • Greyhound buses and Amtrak trains provide long-distance intercity service.

Airports

Merced Regional Airport, located two miles (3 km) southwest of downtown Merced, provides passenger air service. General aviation airports in the county include Castle Airport, Gustine Airport, and Los Banos Municipal Airport.

Communities

Cities

  • Atwater

  • Dos Palos

  • Gustine

  • Livingston

  • Los Banos

  • Merced (county seat)

Census-designated places

  • Ballico

  • Bear Creek

  • Cressey

  • Delhi

  • Dos Palos Y

  • El Nido

  • Franklin

  • Hilmar-Irwin

  • Le Grand

  • McSwain

  • Planada

  • Santa Nella

  • Snelling

  • South Dos Palos

  • Stevinson

  • Tuttle

  • University of California Merced

  • Volta

  • Winton

Population ranking

The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2010 census of Merced County.[36]

† county seat

RankCity/Town/etc.Municipal typePopulation (2010 Census)Population (2018 CA Department of Finance)
1† MercedCity78,95886,750
2Los BanosCity35,97240,986
3AtwaterCity28,16831,235
4LivingstonCity13,05814,328
5DelhiCDP10,755
6WintonCDP10,613
7FranklinCDP6,149
8GustineCity5,5205,874
9Hilmar-IrwinCDP5,197
10Dos PalosCity4,9505,679
11PlanadaCDP4,584
12McSwainCDP4,171
13Le GrandCDP1,659
14South Dos PalosCDP1,620
15Santa NellaCDP1,380
16BallicoCDP406
17CresseyCDP394
18El NidoCDP330
19Dos Palos YCDP323
20StevinsonCDP313
21Bear CreekCDP290
22VoltaCDP246
23SnellingCDP231
24TuttleCDP103

Places of interest

The former Castle Air Force Base and the United States Penitentiary, Atwater are located in an unincorporated area near Atwater.

See also

  • List of California Historical Landmarks

  • List of museums in the San Joaquin Valley

  • List of school districts in Merced County, California

  • National Register of Historic Places listings in Merced County, California

References

[1]
Citation Linkopenlibrary.orgOther = Some other race + Two or more races
Sep 29, 2019, 5:31 AM
[2]
Citation Linkopenlibrary.orgNative American = Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander + American Indian or Alaska Native
Sep 29, 2019, 5:31 AM
[3]
Citation Linkopenlibrary.orgPercentage of registered voters with respect to total population. Percentages of party members with respect to registered voters follow.
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[4]
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