Medford is a township in Burlington County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 23,033,^[8][9][10] reflecting an increase of 780 (+3.5%) from the 22,253 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 1,727 (+8.4%) from the 20,526 counted in the 1990 Census.^[19]

Medford was incorporated as a township by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 1, 1847, from portions of Evesham Township, based on the results of a referendum held that day. Portions of the township were taken to form Shamong Township (February 19, 1852), Lumberton Township (March 14, 1860) and Medford Lakes (May 17, 1939).^[20]

The area known as Medford was sold to Samual Coles in 1670, in all it consisted of 900 acres (3.6 km²). Within the next few years the Braddock, Prickett, Stratton, Branin, and Wilkins families moved to the area (many of whom continue to live in the area today). Upper Evesham, as it was then known, continued to grow from scattered homesteads into a small village. Many of the building and roads built between the sale of the land and the American Revolutionary War are still in existence, which include Oliphant's Mill, Christopher's Mill and the Shamong Trail (now known as Stokes Road).

In 1820, when the Post Office opened, the area was officially called Medford of Upper Evesham, using a name that had been pushed by Mark Reeve, a developer who had recently visited Medford, Massachusetts.^[21][22] On March 1, 1847, Medford Township was "set apart from" Evesham Township by Act of the New Jersey Legislature.^[20] The first township meeting was held at the Cross Roads (County Route 541 and Church Road) on March 9, 1847. The seat of township government remained there for several years. Part of Medford Township was taken on February 19, 1852, to form Shamong Township, on March 14, 1860, portions were taken to form Lumberton Township. The borders remained unchanged until May 17, 1939, when Medford Lakes was formed.^[20]

A thriving glass making industry developed in Medford as early as 1825 with a glass making furnace making window panes. By 1850, William Porter was operating a glass factory on a triangle of property formed by South Main Street, Mill Street, and Trimble Street. Glass making operating continued on the property throughout the 1880s under company names including Medford Glass Works and Star Glass, which at its peak employed about 250 workers and built up a "company town" of sorts with houses for owners and managers and housing for workers. A company store enabled workers to exchange scrip for food and necessities. Glassmaking operations ended around 1925 and the factory was torn down by the mid-1940s. Today, many of the nearly 30 workers' homes are neatly kept homes on Trimble and Mill Streets, as well as the owners' / managers' residence at 126 South Main St. and the company store at 132 South Main Street.^[23]

Medford's location along the Camden and Atlantic Railroad, increased trade and Medford expanded at a rapid rate in the years after the Civil War. By the 1920s the rail line had been dismantled and the mill industry was in decline, but Medford's proximity to Philadelphia and Camden County allowed the township's growth to continue as many families moved from the city and into a more rural area.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township had a total area of 39.929 square miles (103.416 km2), including 38.921 square miles (100.804 km2) of land and 1.008 square miles (2.611 km2) of water (2.52%).^[1][2]

Unincorporated communities, localities and place names located partially or completely within the township include Birchwood Lakes, Braddocks Mill, Chairville, Christopher Mills, Crossroads, Fairview, Kirbys Mill, Medford Lakes in the Pines, Melrose, Oak Knoll, Oakanickon, Oliphants Mills, Pipers Corners, Reeves, Taunton, Taunton Lake and Wilkins.^[24]

The township is one of 56 South Jersey municipalities that are included within the New Jersey Pinelands National Reserve, a protected natural area of unique ecology covering 1,100,000 acres (450,000 ha), that has been classified as a United States Biosphere Reserve and established by Congress in 1978 as the nation's first National Reserve.^[25] Part of the township is included in the state-designated Pinelands Area, which includes portions of Burlington County, along with areas in Atlantic, Camden, Cape May, Cumberland, Gloucester and Ocean counties.^[26]

Medford Lakes is an independent municipality encircled within the boundaries of Medford Township, making it half one of 21 pairs of "doughnut towns" in the state, where one municipality entirely surrounds another.^[27] The township borders Evesham Township (known as Marlton), Lumberton Township, Mount Laurel Township, Shamong Township, Southampton Township, Tabernacle Township in Burlington County and Waterford Township in Camden County.^[28]

The climate of Medford Township is classified as humid continental, with cold winters, hot summers, and year-round humidity. Annual precipitation for the area is 41 inches, and annual snowfall for the area is 23 inches.^[29]

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 23,033 people, 8,277 households, and 6,456.060 families residing in the township. The population density was 591.8 per square mile (228.5/km2). There were 8,652 housing units at an average density of 222.3 per square mile (85.8/km2). The racial makeup of the township was 94.33% (21,726) White, 1.53% (353) Black or African American, 0.16% (36) Native American, 2.03% (467) Asian, 0.03% (6) Pacific Islander, 0.56% (130) from other races, and 1.37% (315) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.60% (600) of the population.^[8]

There were 8,277 households out of which 36.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 67.3% were married couples living together, 7.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.0% were non-families. 18.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.76 and the average family size was 3.15.^[8]

In the township, the population was spread out with 26.1% under the age of 18, 6.0% from 18 to 24, 20.6% from 25 to 44, 33.3% from 45 to 64, and 13.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43.6 years. For every 100 females there were 94.4 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 92.3 males.^[8]

The Census Bureau's 2006–2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $107,883 (with a margin of error of +/- $5,728) and the median family income was $122,986 (+/- $5,037). Males had a median income of $82,169 (+/- $6,188) versus $58,324 (+/- $5,381) for females. The per capita income for the borough was $45,926 (+/- $2,571). About 0.8% of families and 1.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.1% of those under age 18 and 1.5% of those age 65 or over.^[42]

As of the 2000 United States Census^[16] there were 22,253 people, 7,946 households, and 6,285 families residing in the township. The population density was 566.0 people per square mile (218.5/km²). There were 8,147 housing units at an average density of 207.2 per square mile (80.0/km²). The racial makeup of the township was 96.74% White, 0.76% African American, 0.12% Native American, 1.47% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 0.28% from other races, and 0.59% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.13% of the population.^[40][41]

There were 7,946 households out of which 38.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 70.8% were married couples living together, 6.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.9% were non-families. 17.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.77 and the average family size was 3.16.^[40][41]

In the township the age distribution of the population shows 26.8% under the age of 18, 5.4% from 18 to 24, 26.7% from 25 to 44, 30.4% from 45 to 64, and 10.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.1 males.^[40][41]

The median income for a household in the township was $83,059, and the median income for a family was $97,135. Males had a median income of $69,786 versus $37,012 for females. The per capita income for the township was $38,641. About 0.9% of families and 1.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.1% of those under age 18 and 2.2% of those age 65 or over.^[40][41]

Medford Township operates within the Faulkner Act (formally known as the Optional Municipal Charter Law) under the Council-Manager (Plan E) form of municipal government, implemented based on the recommendations of a Charter Study Commission as of January 1, 1980.^[3][49] The Township is governed by a five-member Council, elected at-large in partisan elections to four-year terms of office as part of the November general election on a staggered basis, with either two or three seats up for election in odd-numbered years. At a reorganization meeting held in January after each election, the Council selects a Mayor and a Deputy Mayor from among its members.^[6][3]

As of 2019, members of the Medford Township Council are Mayor Charles "Chuck" J. Watson (R, term on council ends December 31, 2021; term as mayor ends 2019), Deputy Mayor Frank P. Czekay (R, term on council and as deputy mayor ends 2019), Brad H. Denn (R, 2021), Lauren Kochan (R, 2019; appointed to fill an unexpired term) and Erik J. Rebstock (R, 2021).^{[3][50][51][52]}

In March 2019, Lauren Kochan was selected from three candidates nominated by the Republican municipal committee to fill the unexpired term of office ending in December 2019 that had been vacated the previous month by Chris Buoni, who announced that he was moving out of the township.^[53]

The township council selected Brad Denn in October 2014 from three candidates nominated by the Republican municipal committee to fill the vacant seat of James "Randy" Pace, who resigned from office after he moved out of state.^[54] Denn was elected to serve the remaining two years of office in November 2015.^[52]

Mayor Chris Myers resigned from the Township Council in December 2011, after it was disclosed that he had hired a male escort. He was replaced in January 2012 by Chuck Watson.^[55][56]

Jeff Beenstock was appointed in December 2011 to fill the vacancy of Dave Brown who resigned in November. James "Randy" Pace was elected in November 2013 to fill the remaining two years on council seat vacated by Joseph Lynn; Mark Sander had filled Lynn's vacant seat on an interim basis, but declined to run for election for the balance of the term.^[57]

Victoria Fay was removed from her council seat in April 2011 after the other members of the council determined that she was a resident of Evesham Township in violation of a state law requiring elected officials to be residents of the municipality, having moved there in November 2010 during her pending divorce.^[58] She was replaced in April by Dominic Grosso, a former township mayor.^[59]

Medford Township is located in the 3rd Congressional District^[60] and is part of New Jersey's 8th state legislative district.^[9][61][62]

For the 116th United States Congress, New Jersey's 3rd Congressional District is represented by Andy Kim (D, Bordentown).^[63]

New Jersey is represented in the United States Senate by Democrats Cory Booker (Newark, term ends 2021)^[64] and Bob Menendez (Paramus, term ends 2025).^[65][66]

For the 2018–2019 session (Senate, General Assembly), the 8th Legislative District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Dawn Marie Addiego (R, Evesham Township) and in the General Assembly by Joe Howarth (R, Evesham Township) and Ryan Peters (R, Hainesport Township).^[67][68]

Burlington County is governed by a board of chosen freeholders, whose five members are elected at-large in partisan elections to three-year terms of office on a staggered basis, with either one or two seats coming up for election each year; at an annual reorganization meeting, the board selects a director and deputy director from among its members.^[69] As of 2018, Burlington County Board of Chosen Freeholders are Director Kate Gibbs (R, Lumberton Township, term as freeholder and as director ends December 31, 2018),^[70] Deputy Director Linda Hughes (R, Evesham Township, term as freeholder and as deputy director ends 2018)^[71] Tom Pullion (D, Edgewater Park, 2020),^[72] Balvir Singh (D, Burlington Township, 2020),^[73] and Latham Tiver (R, Southampton Township, 2019).^{[74][69][75][76]} Burlington County's Constitutional Officers are County Clerk Tim Tyler (R, Fieldsboro, 2018),^[77][78] Sheriff Jean E. Stanfield (R, Westampton, 2019)^[79][80] and Surrogate Mary Ann O'Brien (R, Medford, 2021).^[81][82][76]

As of March 23, 2011, there were a total of 16,632 registered voters in Medford Township, of which 3,893 (23.4% vs. 33.3% countywide) were registered as Democrats, 5,406 (32.5% vs. 23.9%) were registered as Republicans and 7,320 (44.0% vs. 42.8%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There were 13 voters registered to other parties.^[83] Among the township's 2010 Census population, 72.2% (vs. 61.7% in Burlington County) were registered to vote, including 97.7% of those ages 18 and over (vs. 80.3% countywide).^[83][84]

In the 2012 presidential election, Republican Mitt Romney received 7,499 votes here (55.8% vs. 40.2% countywide), ahead of Democrat Barack Obama with 5,747 votes (42.7% vs. 58.1%) and other candidates with 130 votes (1.0% vs. 1.0%), among the 13,451 ballots cast by the township's 17,574 registered voters, for a turnout of 76.5% (vs. 74.5% in Burlington County).^[85][86] In the 2008 presidential election, Republican John McCain received 7,049 votes here (52.3% vs. 39.9% countywide), ahead of Democrat Barack Obama with 6,214 votes (46.1% vs. 58.4%) and other candidates with 135 votes (1.0% vs. 1.0%), among the 13,466 ballots cast by the township's 16,535 registered voters, for a turnout of 81.4% (vs. 80.0% in Burlington County).^[87] In the 2004 presidential election, Republican George W. Bush received 7,615 votes here (57.4% vs. 46.0% countywide), ahead of Democrat John Kerry with 5,551 votes (41.8% vs. 52.9%) and other candidates with 78 votes (0.6% vs. 0.8%), among the 13,266 ballots cast by the township's 16,086 registered voters, for a turnout of 82.5% (vs. 78.8% in the whole county).^[88]

In the 2013 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 5,628 votes here (71.0% vs. 61.4% countywide), ahead of Democrat Barbara Buono with 2,067 votes (26.1% vs. 35.8%) and other candidates with 107 votes (1.3% vs. 1.2%), among the 7,929 ballots cast by the township's 17,464 registered voters, yielding a 45.4% turnout (vs. 44.5% in the county).^[89][90] In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 5,371 votes here (60.1% vs. 47.7% countywide), ahead of Democrat Jon Corzine with 2,987 votes (33.4% vs. 44.5%), Independent Chris Daggett with 438 votes (4.9% vs. 4.8%) and other candidates with 83 votes (0.9% vs. 1.2%), among the 8,931 ballots cast by the township's 16,733 registered voters, yielding a 53.4% turnout (vs. 44.9% in the county).^[91]

The Medford Township Public Schools is a public school district that serves students in pre-kindergarten through eighth grade, with five elementary schools serving students in preschool through fifth grade, a single school serving sixth graders and another school serving seventh and eighth graders. As of the 2014-15 school year, the district and its seven schools had an enrollment of 4,157 students and 205.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 20.3:1.^[92] Schools in the district (with 2014-15 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics^[93]) are Milton H. Allen School^[94] (359 students; grades K-5), Chairville Elementary School^[95] (417; K-5), Cranberry Pines School^[96] (349; K-5), Kirby's Mill Elementary School^[97] (311; PreK-5), Taunton Forge School^[98] (295; K-5), Maurice and Everett Haines Sixth Grade Center^[99] for 6th grade (331) and Medford Memorial Middle School^[100] for 7th and 8th grades (669).^{[101][102][103]}

Public school students in ninth through twelfth grades attend Shawnee High School, located in Medford Township, which serves students in ninth through twelfth grade from both Medford Lakes and Medford Township.^[104] The school is part of the Lenape Regional High School District, which also serves students from Evesham Township, Mount Laurel Township, Shamong Township, Southampton Township, Tabernacle Township and Woodland Township.^[105][106] As of the 2014-15 school year, the high school had an enrollment of 1,597 students and 124.4 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 12.8:1.^[107]

Burlington County Institute of Technology is a countywide public vocational-technical school district serving students throughout Burlington County, with campuses in Medford and Westampton Township.^[108] As of the 2014-15 school year, the Burlington County Institute of Technology Medford Campus had an enrollment of 834 students and 65.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 12.8:1.^[109]

Established in 1954, St. Mary of the Lakes School is a Catholic school that serves students in Pre-K through eighth grade, operated under the auspices of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Trenton.^[110][111]

As of May 2010, the township had a total of 179.25 miles (288.47 km) of roadways, of which 153.27 miles (246.66 km) were maintained by the municipality, 21.85 miles (35.16 km) by Burlington County and 4.13 miles (6.65 km) by the New Jersey Department of Transportation.^[112]

Major roads in Medford include Route 70, CR 532, CR 541, and CR 544.

NJ Transit used to provide bus service to and from Philadelphia on the 406 bus route which ended in Evesham Township but has been discontinued.^[113] Greyhound Lines provides nationwide service from nearby Mount Laurel. Medford is home to the Flying W Airport which is a public-use airport located at 60 Fostertown Road, Medford, NJ 08055.

People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Medford include: