Juan Crespí
Juan Crespí
Joan Crespí Juan Crespí | |
|---|---|
 Cenotaph of Saint Junípero Serra in the Mission San Carlos Borromeo, Carmel-by-the-Sea (1924); Fr. Juan Crespí, who predeceased Serra, stands at the head, praying over him. | |
| Born | Joan Crespí Fiol March 1, 1721 Palma de Mallorca, Spain |
| Died | January 1, 1782(aged 60) Carmel-by-the-Sea, Las Californias, New Spain |
| Resting place | Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo |
| Nationality | Spanish |
| Occupation | Roman Catholic priest, missionary, explorer |
Joan Crespí or Juan Crespí (March 1, 1721 – January 1, 1782) was a Franciscan missionary and explorer of Las Californias.[1]
Joan Crespí Juan Crespí | |
|---|---|
Cenotaph of Saint Junípero Serra in the Mission San Carlos Borromeo, Carmel-by-the-Sea (1924); Fr. Juan Crespí, who predeceased Serra, stands at the head, praying over him. | |
| Born | Joan Crespí Fiol March 1, 1721 Palma de Mallorca, Spain |
| Died | January 1, 1782(aged 60) Carmel-by-the-Sea, Las Californias, New Spain |
| Resting place | Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo |
| Nationality | Spanish |
| Occupation | Roman Catholic priest, missionary, explorer |
Biography
A native of Majorca, Crespí entered the Franciscan order at the age of seventeen.[2] He came to New Spain in 1749, and accompanied explorers Francisco Palóu and Junípero Serra. In 1767 he went to the Baja California Peninsula and was placed in charge of the Misión La Purísima Concepción de Cadegomó.
In 1769, Crespí joined the expedition led by Gaspar de Portolá and Junípero Serra (see Timeline of the Portolá expedition). He traveled in the vanguard of the land expedition to San Diego, led by Captain Fernando Rivera y Moncada, where a presidio and mission were established. Crespí then continued north with Portolá and Rivera to identify the port of Monterey. Because he was the only one of the Franciscans to make the entire journey by land, Crespí became the first official diarist for the missions. He was one of three diarists to document the first exploration by Europeans of interior areas of Alta California.
After reaching Monterey in October 1769, Crespí continued with the expedition that explored as far north as present-day San Francisco, and became one of the first Europeans to see San Francisco Bay. All told, the expedition traveled in the future state of California through the present-day coastal counties of San Diego, Orange, Los Angeles, Ventura, Santa Barbara, San Luis Obispo, Monterey, Santa Cruz, San Mateo, and San Francisco.
In 1772, Crespí accompanied Captain Pedro Fages on an exploration of areas to the east of San Francisco Bay. The Fages expedition members were the first Europeans to see the Sacramento River and the San Joaquin Valley.
In 1774, Crespí was chaplain of the expedition to the North Pacific conducted by Juan José Pérez Hernández. His diaries, first published in H. E. Bolton's Fray Juan Crespi (1927, repr. 1971), and published in the original Spanish with facing page translations as A Description of Distant Roads: Original Journals of the First Expedition into California, 1769-1770 (2001)[3] provided valuable records of these expeditions. One chapel he built, at the Misión San Francisco del Valle de Tilaco in Landa, is reported as still standing.[4]