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Jönköping

Jönköping

Jönköping (/ˈjɜːn(t)ʃɜːpɪŋ/,[3][4] Swedish: [²jœnːˌɕøːpɪŋ] ( listen)) is a city in southern Sweden with 93,797 inhabitants (2015).[5] Jönköping is situated at the southern end of Sweden's second largest lake, Vättern, in the province of Småland.

The city is the seat of Jönköping Municipality, which has a population of 134,785 (2016) and is Småland's most populous municipality. Jönköping is also the seat of Jönköping County which has a population of 341,235 (2013). Jönköping is the seat of a district court and a court of appeal as well as the Swedish National Courts Administration. It is the seat of the Swedish Board of Agriculture.[6]

Coordinates:
CountrySweden
ProvinceSmåland
CountyJönköping County
MunicipalityJönköping Municipality
City status1284
Area
• City44.82 km(17.31 sq mi)
Elevation104 m (341 ft)
Population
• City93,797
• Density2,100/km(5,400/sq mi)
Metro134,785[2]
Time zoneUTC+1(CET)
UTC+2(CEST)
Postal code
Area code(s)(+46) 36
Vehicle registration1544
ClimateDfb
Website

History

The Sofia Church in Jönköping, Neo-Gothic style, 1888

The Sofia Church in Jönköping, Neo-Gothic style, 1888

Jönköping is an old trading centre (Köping) situated at a natural crossroads for routes following the rivers Nissan and Lagan, and the road connecting the provinces of Östergötland and Västergötland, a result of the town's geographical position at the southern end of lake Vättern, which divides the two provinces.

On 18 May 1284 Jönköping became the first City in Sweden to be granted its rights by king Magnus Ladulås, who ruled mostly from Vättern's largest island Visingsö. The first part of the city's name, "Jön", is derived from a creek, "Junebäcken", in Talavid, in what is now the western part of the city. The second part of the name "köping", is, as mentioned above, an old word for a trading centre or market place.[7]

The geographical position of the city also left it vulnerable to attack via the river routes that led south, mainly from Danes. At that time the provinces of what is today southern Sweden — Scania, Halland and Blekinge — belonged to Denmark. The city was plundered and burned several times until it was fortified during the 16th and 17th centuries.

Jönköping was known for its matchstick industry between 1845–1970.[8] The phosphorus match was invented in 1831, and these matches became very popular because one could strike it against any surface to ignite it. However, the problem was that they ignited too easily, caused a lot of accidents and was toxic. In 1844, Swedish professor Gustav Erik Pasch patented a new invention, ”Safety matches - Strike against the box only”[9]. To prevent the matches from igniting so easily, Gustav Erik Pasch separated the chemicals in the match head and placed the phosphorus on a separate surface on the outside of the box for striking ignition. Johan Edvard and Carl Frans Lundström took Pasch's patent and improved it. Later, they manufactured their new Safety matches in their factory in Jönköping[10]. Today it is an important Nordic logistical center, with many companies' central warehouses (such as Elkjøp, IKEA, Electrolux and Husqvarna) situated there.

Present

The urban area of Jönköping today includes the eastern industrial town of Huskvarna, with which it has grown together.

Elmia, a major trade fair and exhibition centre, is situated in Jönköping. Elmia Wood is the world’s largest forestry fair, and those for subcontractors, trucks, caravans and railways are the biggest of their kind in Europe. Since 2001, Elmia has been the site of the world's largest LAN party, DreamHack, with two events every year, Dreamhack Summer and Dreamhack Winter.

Demography

Population

As of 2018, Jönköping has a total population of 139 222 [11].

Gender20142015201620172018
Female66 40466 98767 82368 72269 426
Male65 73666 32367 47468 75969 796
Total132 140133 310135 297137 481139 222

Population changes

20142015201620172018
Population increase1 3421 1701 9872 1841 741
Born1 6771 6621 7151 6151 688
Deceased1 1691 2171 1011 2021 253

Average age 2018

AreaFemaleMaleFemale and Male
Jönköping41,339,140,2

Notable people

  • John Bauer, illustrator, painter

  • Amy Diamond, singer

  • Agnetha Fältskog, singer/songwriter and member of ABBA

  • Carl Henrik Fredriksson, editor-in-chief and co-founder of Eurozine

  • Anders Gustafsson, kayaker, Olympian

  • Dag Hammarskjöld, former United Nations Secretary-General

  • I'm from Barcelona, 29-piece indie pop band

  • Mona Johannesson, model

  • Per G. Malm, leader in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

  • The Mary Onettes, indie rock band

  • The Motorhomes, rock band

  • Fredrik Neij, founder of The Pirate Bay BitTorrent-tracker

  • Nina Persson, vocalist with The Cardigans

  • Göran Kropp, mountaineer

  • Sofia Paldanius, kayaker, Olympian

  • Johan Björnsson Printz, governor of the Swedish colony of New Sweden

  • Viktor Rydberg, author

  • Vladimir Oravsky, author

  • Aurore Storckenfeldt (1816–1900), educator

  • Swante M. Swenson, founder of the SMS ranches in Texas

  • Carl Peter Thunberg, botanist

  • Stefan Liv, ice hockey goaltender

  • Martin Allwood, translator

  • David F. Sandberg, film director

Education

High schools

  • Bäckadalsgymnasiet

  • Erik Dahlbergsgymnasiet

  • Per Brahegymnasiet

  • Sandagymnasiet

  • LBS: High School of Creativity

Tertiary education

  • Jönköping University Foundation

  • Södra Vätterbygdens Folkhögskola

  • The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education

Climate

Panorama of central Jönköping

Panorama of central Jönköping

Jönköping's climate was humid continental (Köppen Dfb) bordering on subarctic with long, cold winters and short, warm summers during the 1961–1990 period. However, the window between subarctic and oceanic is very small in this marine-influenced climate type, and in recent years the climate has more resembled very cold oceanic. However, figures are slightly skewed due to the weather station being located at the airport which is at an elevation of 228 metres (748 ft), whereas the city centre is at 100 metres (330 ft). This likely renders up to between half a degree to a full degree milder temperatures in the urban centre.

Climate data forJönköping Airport2002–2018; extremes since 1901
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Record high °C (°F)10.5(50.9)14.7(58.5)18.7(65.7)26.3(79.3)28.6(83.5)33.2(91.8)33.4(92.1)34.2(93.6)26.8(80.2)21.4(70.5)14.1(57.4)12.6(54.7)33.4(92.1)
Mean maximum °C (°F)6.4(43.5)6.6(43.9)13.1(55.6)18.8(65.8)24.4(75.9)26.7(80.1)28.2(82.8)27.1(80.8)22.4(72.3)16.0(60.8)10.5(50.9)7.4(45.3)29.6(85.3)
Average high °C (°F)0.2(32.4)0.7(33.3)4.6(40.3)11.0(51.8)16.3(61.3)19.5(67.1)21.9(71.4)20.3(68.5)16.3(61.3)9.8(49.6)5.0(41.0)2.0(35.6)10.6(51.1)
Daily mean °C (°F)−2.5(27.5)−2.3(27.9)0.4(32.7)5.4(41.7)10.3(50.5)13.7(56.7)16.4(61.5)15.2(59.4)11.7(53.1)6.4(43.5)2.6(36.7)−0.5(31.1)6.4(43.5)
Average low °C (°F)−5.2(22.6)−5.2(22.6)−3.9(25.0)−0.2(31.6)4.3(39.7)7.9(46.2)10.8(51.4)10.1(50.2)7.0(44.6)3.0(37.4)0.2(32.4)−2.9(26.8)2.2(35.9)
Mean minimum °C (°F)−18.1(−0.6)−16.1(3.0)−14.2(6.4)−7.3(18.9)−3.3(26.1)1.0(33.8)4.7(40.5)2.2(36.0)−1.3(29.7)−5.7(21.7)−9.4(15.1)−13.6(7.5)−21.6(−6.9)
Record low °C (°F)−33.0(−27.4)−35.4(−31.7)−30.0(−22.0)−18.1(−0.6)−7.2(19.0)−1.4(29.5)0.2(32.4)−2.3(27.9)−7.3(18.9)−13.3(8.1)−20.7(−5.3)−28.3(−18.9)−35.4(−31.7)
Averageprecipitationmm (inches)43.2(1.70)32.0(1.26)27.7(1.09)29.9(1.18)48.3(1.90)79.4(3.13)80.4(3.17)85.6(3.37)50.4(1.98)58.0(2.28)52.1(2.05)49.5(1.95)636.5(25.06)
Source #1: SMHI Average Data 2002–2018[12]
Source #2: SMHI Open Data[13]

Sport

  • HV71, ice hockey team in Swedish Hockey League of ice hockey.

  • Jönköpings IK (JIK), floorball team who has played several season in the men's Swedish Super League.

  • Jönköpings Södra IF, football (soccer) team in Superettan (second tier league of Sweden).

  • Husqvarna FF, football (soccer) team in Division 1 (third tier league of Sweden).

  • IK Tord, football (soccer) team in Division 2 Västra Götaland (fourth tier league of Sweden).

  • Jönköping Bandy IF, bandy team in Allsvenskan (second tier league of Sweden).

  • Jönköpings SS, swimming society, with Swedish champions in both swimming and diving. There are also three other water disciplines in the club, lifeguarding and synchronized swimming.

  • ATP Challenger Tour event, starting in 2016.[14]

  • Jönköping hosted the 1984 World Rowing Junior Championships and the 2019 European Universities Rowing Championships.

See also

  • Jönköping Municipality

  • Swedish National Board of Agriculture

  • International Ice Hockey Federation World Championships (2002, held in Jönköping)

  • Tranhult

References

[1]
Citation Linkwww.scb.se"Population in the country, counties and municipalities by sex and age". Statistics Sweden. 27 May 2013. Archived from the original on 16 January 2013.
Sep 26, 2019, 9:16 AM
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Citation Linkwww.scb.sehttp://www.scb.se/hitta-statistik/statistik-efter-amne/befolkning/befolkningens-sammansattning/befolkningsstatistik/pong/tabell-och-diagram/kvartals--och-halvarsstatistik--kommun-lan-och-riket/kvartal-3-2016/
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Citation Linken.oxforddictionaries.com"Jönköping" (US) and "Jönköping". Oxford Dictionaries. Oxford University Press. Retrieved 8 March 2019.
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Citation Linkwww.merriam-webster.com"Jönköping". Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Retrieved 8 March 2019.
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Citation Linkwww.statistikdatabasen.scb.sehttp://www.statistikdatabasen.scb.se/pxweb/sv/ssd/START__MI__MI0810__MI0810A/LandarealTatort/?rxid=8f5b9e8f-3a94-4ca6-8b53-c3ce838a7d6a
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Citation Linkwww.jordbruksverket.se"Swedish Board of Agriculture – How to find our headquarters". Swedish Board of Agriculture. Archived from the original on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 21 June 2011.
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Citation Linkwww.sprakochfolkminnen.seWahlberg, Mats, ed. (2003). Svenskt ortnamnslexikon (PDF) (in Swedish) (1st ed.). Uppsala: Swedish Institute for Dialectology, Onomastics and Folklore Research. p. 158. ISBN 91-7229-020-X. Retrieved 22 January 2017.
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Citation Linkopenlibrary.orgOhlsen, Becky; Kaminski, Anna; Lundgren, K (1 June 2012). Lonely Planet Sweden (5th ed.). Lonely Planet. ISBN 1741797268.
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[9]
Citation Linknopr.niscair.res.inWisniak, Jaime (May 2005). "Matches-The manufacture of fire". CSIR. 12(3): 369–380 – via NISCAIR.
Sep 26, 2019, 9:16 AM
[10]
Citation Linkwww.swedishmatchindustries.com"History of matches". Swedish Match. Retrieved 21 April 2019.
Sep 26, 2019, 9:16 AM
[11]
Citation Linkwww.jonkoping.se"Population Statistics". Jönköping Municipality (in Swedish). Retrieved 25 April 2019.
Sep 26, 2019, 9:16 AM
[12]
Citation Linkwww.smhi.se"Monthly & Yearly Statistics". SMHI. Retrieved 28 June 2019.
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[13]
Citation Linkwww.smhi.se"SMHI öppna data för Huskvarna". SMHI. Retrieved 30 June 2019.
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[14]
Citation Linkwww.atpworldtour.comhttp://www.atpworldtour.com/en/news/jonkoping-challenger-2016-feature
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[15]
Citation Linkwww.jonkoping.seOfficial website
Sep 26, 2019, 9:16 AM
[16]
Citation Linkruneberg.orgarticle Jönköping
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[17]
Citation Linktools.wmflabs.org57°46′58″N 14°09′38″E
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Citation Linkweb.archive.org"Population in the country, counties and municipalities by sex and age"
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